almost 411 years ago a large Polish-Lithuanian army (including huge Zaporozhian Cossack contingent under Piotr/Petro Zahajdaczyny/Sahaidaczny) commanded by the grand hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz (in this Jozef Brandt painting Chodkiewicz Chocim ) withstood one of the largest Ottoman Turkish armies in a defensive encampment at the Chocim/Kotin fortress Chocim , also acrossing on the Dniester River (you can see the Dniester shore in this Jozef Brandt painting Nad_Dniestrem ), in Moldavia (present Ukraine).
The 1621 Chocim campaign has not been a subject of any extensive scholarly study in English - there are some articles though - they can be downloaded from the wikipedia wikipedia.org Battle_of_Khotyn 1621 battle page.
There are published Polish languages primary sources to this battle, compiled already in the XIX century by Polish historians and enthusiasts.
First of them, Pamiętniki o wyprawie chocimskiej r. 1621, is a compilation of Polish writers (themselves participants of the famous battle) Pamietniki Wojny Chocimskiej - including the diary of Jakub Sobieski Jakub Sobieski , father of future king Jan III of Poland-Lithuanian and his prematurely deceased brother Marek Marek Sobieski ( I will write a page or two about this great cavalryman and patriot).
The second, Collectanea z dziejopisów tureckich: rzeczy do historyi polskiey służących, is a compilation of various Ottoman Turkish writers as they relate to the Polish-Turkish relations between XV and XVIII centuries Collectanea z dziejow .
Finally a work of licentia poetica based in Sobieski'diary by the already mentioned XVII century Polish-Lithuanian poet and bonn vivant Waclaw Potocki who wrote this most famous XVII century Polish epic poem known as Transakcja wojny chocimskiej (The Progress of the Khotin War) and it can been read in various formats from archive.org wojna chocimska .
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